Legalidad de la firma electrónica en España
Miembro de la Unión Europea, España utiliza desde 2014 el Reglamento eIDAS (Reglamento (UE) nº 910/2014) como ley que regula la firma electrónica. No obstante, reconoce la firma electrónica desde 2003, tras la promulgación de la Ley de firma electrónica, que se alineó con la Directiva 1999/93/CE de la UE.
The eIDAS Regulation established the conditions Spain and other EU countries must meet to make e-signatures legally valid. The law also stipulates the requirements that trust services must meet in terms of creation devices and the certificates issued.
The most secure e-signature (Qualified Electronic Signature) is considered similar to a handwritten signature if the service provider meets all the specifications. To be recognized by the EU, e-signatures must meet the following standards:
- The signatory must have the intent to sign and must be uniquely identified once they sign.
- All parties must agree to use e-signatures.
- The content in the document must remain unchanged once it’s signed.
- The method you choose must be the best option for the intended purpose and circumstances.
- The e-signatures must meet all the regulations to ensure cross-border recognition and enforceability in court.
In addition to the eIDAS Regulation, Spain has Law 6/2020 of November 11, which implements the eIDAS laws and further breaks down the use of e-signatures in private sector agreements and public administration. Do not hesitate to talk to a legal professional for further guidance.
Recursos: