GENERAL BIOLOGY 2
Fourth Quarter Long Test
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This 40-point long test is a combination of multiple choice and supplication.
The given time for this quiz is 45 minutes. After that, the form will be strictly CLOSED.
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Student Name
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First Name
Last Name
Grade and Section
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1. Which of the following is not a hormone produced by anterior pituitary gland?
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TSH
ACTH
Vasopressin
Prolactin
2. These are specialized tissues in which the endocrine functions of the pancreas are being carried out.
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3. These are cells that destroy body cells infected by pathogens by poking holes in the cell membrane.
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4. Progesterone promotes male growth and masculinization.
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True
False
5. Which of the following groups would contain the largest number of organisms?
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class
order
phylum
family
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6. What do plants and animals have in common?
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both are heterotrophic
both are autotrophic
both are prokaryotic
both are eukaryotic
7. Which of the following is NOT a component of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
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competition for food and space
variation among species
inheritance of acquired characteristics
survival and reproduction
8. If a heterozygous organism (Aa) undergoes Mendelian segregation, what proportion of its gametes will carry the dominant allele?
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0%
25%
50%
100%
9. If a homozygous recessive plant (aa) is crossed with a heterozygous plant (Aa), what is the expected genotype ratio of their offspring?
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1:1
1:2:1
3:1
1:3
10. What is a taxon?
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A group of related organisms
A scientific name for an organism
A type of classification system
An extinct organism
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11. Which domain contains organisms with a nucleus?
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Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
All of the above
12. What is the gland responsible for regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body?
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13. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymph nodes?
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Filtering lymph
Production of lymphocytes
Storage of excess nutrients
Defense against pathogens
14. A plant with purple flowers (PP) is crossed with a plant with white flowers (pp). All of their offspring have purple flowers. What is the genotype of the parents?
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PP and Pp
PP and pp
Pp and Pp
pp and pp
15. Define evolution and provide an example.
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Evolution is the process by which organisms become larger over time. Example: The increase in body size of dinosaurs over millions of years.
Evolution is the process by which species change over time in response to environmental pressures. Example: The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Evolution is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment by changing their behavior. Example: The migration of birds in response to seasonal changes.
Evolution is the process by which species remain unchanged over time. Example: The preservation of fossils in sedimentary rocks.
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16. What is natural selection?
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The process by which organisms develop traits that are not influenced by their environment.
The process by which organisms evolve characteristics that are advantageous for survival and reproduction in their environment.
The process by which all individuals of a population have the same chance of surviving and reproducing.
The process by which traits that are harmful to an organism's survival become more common in a population over time.
17. Which of the following is NOT a condition proposed by the Miller-Urey experiment to simulate early Earth conditions for the origin of life?
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Presence of water vapor
Absence of oxygen
Presence of ammonia
Absence of carbon dioxide
18. Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems and humans?
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Biodiversity provides aesthetic value but has little practical importance.
Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem stability, resilience, and productivity, and provides ecosystem services essential for human well-being, such as food, clean water, and air purification.
Biodiversity is important for maintaining a balanced predator-prey relationship in ecosystems.
Biodiversity increases the chances of species extinction, leading to ecological collapse.
19. Which human activities contribute to the loss of biodiversity?
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Conservation efforts and habitat restoration
Pollution control and sustainable resource management
Deforestation, habitat destruction, overfishing, pollution, and climate change
Urbanization and industrialization
20. What is the purpose of inflammation in the immune response?
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To kill pathogens directly
To activate B cells
To attract phagocytes to the site of infection
To stimulate fever
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21. What is a phylogenetic tree?
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A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships between organisms
A tool used to measure genetic variation within a population
A method of classifying organisms based on physical characteristics
A model used to predict the distribution of species in an ecosystem
22. What gland responsible for the secretion of growth hormone (GH), which stimulates growth and development?
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23. What is a homologous structure?
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Structures that are similar in function but have different evolutionary origins.
Structures that are similar in appearance but have different functions.
Structures that are different in appearance but have similar functions.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor and have similar underlying anatomies.
24. Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the body's metabolism?
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Insulin
Glucagon
Thyroxine
Cortisol
25. Which hormone is produced by the pancreas and acts to increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?
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26. Which of the following is NOT a component of the inflammatory response?
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Redness
Swelling
Fever
Pain
27. Organisms in the Kingdom Animalia are:
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multicellular and heterotrophic
multicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
28. Which of the following statements about molecular evidence for evolution is true?
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Molecular evidence refers to the study of fossils to understand evolutionary relationships.
Molecular evidence includes comparisons of DNA sequences and protein structures among different species.
Molecular evidence is only useful for understanding recent evolutionary events.
Molecular evidence cannot be used to determine evolutionary relationships between species.
29. Which era is characterized by the dominance of reptiles, including dinosaurs and early birds?
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Precambrian Era
Paleozoic Era
Mesozoic Era
Cenozoic Era
30. During which era did the first land plants evolve?
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Mesozoic Era
Cenozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
Precambrian Era
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31. He disproved the theory of abiogenesis.
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32. In which era did the first insects and amphibians appear?
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33. A person is having problems with calcium and phosphorus metabolism in his body. Which of the following may not be functioning properly?
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parotid gland
pituitary gland
thyroid gland
parathyroid gland
34. Which ecosystem is characterized by high species diversity?
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grassland
tundra
rainforest
mangrove
35. If a homozygous dominant black guinea pig is crossed with a homozygous recessive white guinea pig, what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur?
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36-40. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green seeds. If a homozygous yellow-seeded pea plant is crossed with a heterozygous yellow-seeded pea plant, what is the probability of producing a heterozygous yellow-seeded offspring? Show the percentage probability of the genotype and phenotype.
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